If you often feel exhausted or mentally distant at work, the World Health Organization may have a diagnosis for you: Burnout.
For the first time, the WHO has officially classified workplace burnout as an occupational phenomenon in its latest revision of the International Classification of Diseases. The agency previously defined burnout as a "state of vital exhaustion," but this is the first time it's being directly linked in its classification of diseases as a work hazard.
"Burnout is a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed," the WHO said Tuesday. "Burnout refers specifically to phenomena in the occupational context and should not be applied to describe experiences in other areas of life."
The organization said burnout, which the WHO does not call a medical condition, is classified by three factors:
- feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion;
- increased mental distance from one's job, or feelings of negativism or cynicism related to one's job;
- and reduced professional efficacy.
Burnout is included as a cause for which people may contact health services for a reason other than an illness or health condition. Some even fault the syndrome for pushing employees in the medical profession to commit suicide due to intense stress.
The syndrome is now an "epidemic," according to Dan Schawbel, research director at HR advisory firm Future Workplace -- and he expects the issue to worsen.
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"Basically, workers are getting taken advantage of," Schawbel said. "As a result, people are burned out, they're stressed out."
Schawbel said burnout has become a problem as employees work more and feel they're not being fairly compensated. Though Americans on average get 10 days of vacation, Schawbel said employees are often pressured into skipping vacation days. He added that technology also plays a role in the rise of burnout because employees often have to respond to emails or calls outside of normal work hours.
"Not having your phone is the new vacation," Schawbel said.
Burnout doesn't just negatively affect workers, either. Schawbel pointed to a 2016 study that says 95% of human resource leaders say the syndrome sabotages workplace retention. The WHO also noted that burnout prevents professional success.
Schawbel said companies don't have an incentive to change workplace environments that cause burnout. He said stronger laws and more labor unions would help protect workers.
The WHO said it plans to develop "evidence-based" guidelines for mental well-being in the workplace. Its member nations are set to implement the revisions to the International Classification of Diseases by 2022.
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